Several Factors Affecting Emulsification

The process of mixing two immiscible substances (oil and water) so that one of them is uniformly dispersed in the other is called emulsification, or emulsification for short.

Various factors affecting emulsification

1. Emulsification equipment

At present, there are three main types of emulsifiers: emulsification mixer, colloid mill and emulsifier (homogenizer). The type, structure and performance of the emulsifier have a great relationship with the size (dispersibility) of the emulsion particles and the quality (stability) of the emulsion. The emulsion prepared by the stirring emulsifier has poor dispersibility, large and rough particles, poor stability, and is also prone to pollution. However, its manufacture is simple and the price is cheap. As long as you choose a reasonable structure of the machine and use it properly, it can also produce popular cosmetics with general composite quality requirements. Colloid mill and emulsifying machine are better emulsifying equipment. In recent years, emulsification machinery has made great progress, such as vacuum emulsifier and pneumatic emulsifier, and the prepared emulsion has excellent dispersibility and stability.

The relationship between emulsification equipment and particle size distribution

2. Temperature

The emulsification temperature has a great influence on the quality of emulsification, but there is no strict limit on the temperature. Generally speaking, during emulsification, the temperature of both oil and water phases can be controlled between 75°C and 85°C. This depends on the melting point of the high melting point substances contained in the two phases, as well as the type of emulsifier and the solubility of the oil phase and the water phase.

3. Emulsification time

The emulsification time has an effect on the quality of the emulsion. The length of the emulsification time is related to the volume ratio of the oil phase to the water phase, the viscosity of the two phases and the viscosity of the resulting emulsion, the type and amount of the emulsifier, the emulsification temperature, and the type of the emulsifier. It is usually determined empirically and experimentally.

4. Stirring speed

The stirring speed must be moderate. If the stirring speed is too low, the purpose of full mixing cannot be achieved; if the stirring speed is too high, air bubbles will be brought into the system, making it a three-phase system, and the emulsion will be unstable.

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